{"id":27879,"date":"2019-11-25T20:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-25T19:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/?p=27879"},"modified":"2025-12-13T22:54:05","modified_gmt":"2025-12-13T21:54:05","slug":"la-premiere-procedure-de-destitution-du-xxi-siecle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/de\/politik\/welt\/la-premiere-procedure-de-destitution-du-xxi-siecle\/","title":{"rendered":"Das erste Amtsenthebungsverfahren des 21. Jahrhunderts"},"content":{"rendered":"

Montags in den Nachrichten - M\u00e9gane Luquiens<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Die USA bereiten sich auf die Pr\u00e4sidentschaftswahlen im Jahr 2020 vor, die in knapp einem Jahr stattfinden werden. In der Zwischenzeit ist ein neuer Skandal aufgetreten, der zur Einleitung eines Amtsenthebungsverfahrens gef\u00fchrt hat - Impeachment<\/em> - gegen Donald Trump.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

La destitution est un proc\u00e9d\u00e9 plus simple que ce qu\u2019il n’y para\u00eet. La premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape se d\u00e9roule dans la Chambre des repr\u00e9sentants o\u00f9 une enqu\u00eate puis un vote sur les faits reproch\u00e9s au pr\u00e9sident sont effectu\u00e9s. Si la Chambre adopte la motion de destitution car les preuves sont suffisantes, alors le S\u00e9nat proc\u00e8de au proc\u00e8s du chef d\u2019Etat. Ce dernier est suspendu de ses fonctions le temps n\u00e9cessaire et la chambre haute du Congr\u00e8s est pr\u00e9sid\u00e9e non pas par le vice-pr\u00e9sident comme \u00e0 son habitude, mais par le pr\u00e9sident de la Cour Supr\u00eame. Au terme du d\u00e9bat, le chef d\u2019Etat est destitu\u00e9 de ses fonctions si les s\u00e9nateurs le jugent coupable avec une majorit\u00e9 de deux tiers. Le vice-pr\u00e9sident le remplace alors de suite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans toute l\u2019histoire des Etats-Unis, cette proc\u00e9dure a \u00e9t\u00e9 entam\u00e9e quatre fois. Andrew Johnson, qui succ\u00e8de \u00e0 Abraham Lincoln apr\u00e8s son assassinat, et Bill Clinton, 42.<\/sup> pr\u00e9sident, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 les deux seuls \u00e0 \u00eatre destitu\u00e9s par la Chambre des repr\u00e9sentants. Toutefois, les deux ont continu\u00e9 leur mandat, car ni l\u2019un ni l\u2019autre n\u2019ont \u00e9t\u00e9 reconnus coupables par le S\u00e9nat. Il est int\u00e9ressant de noter cependant que Johnson n\u2019a \u00e9chapp\u00e9 \u00e0 ses accusations qu\u2019\u00e0 un vote pr\u00e8s, ce qui d\u00e9montre bien la complexit\u00e9 de cette proc\u00e9dure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

Les deux autres pr\u00e9sidents \u00e0 avoir fait face \u00e0 cette proc\u00e9dure sont Nixon et Trump. Richard Nixon a d\u00e9missionn\u00e9 en 1974 avant que la Chambre des repr\u00e9sentants n\u2019ait le temps de le destituer. En plein dans le scandale du Watergate, il \u00e9tait fort probable qu\u2019il soit le premier pr\u00e9sident \u00e0 \u00eatre destitu\u00e9 et d\u00e9mis de ses fonctions. Finalement, Donald Trump, actuel pr\u00e9sident des Etats-Unis, se retrouve dans la m\u00eame situation critique que Johnson, Nixon et Clinton.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le 25 juillet 2019<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

A cette date, un appel est enregistr\u00e9 entre Donald Trump et Volodymyr Zelensky, pr\u00e9sident ukrainien. Durant cette conversation, le pr\u00e9sident am\u00e9ricain demande \u00e0 son homologue d\u2019enqu\u00eater sur Joe Biden, vice-pr\u00e9sident d\u2019Obama et surtout d\u00e9mocrate dans la course pr\u00e9sidentielle de 2020 et sur son fils Hunter Biden. Ce dernier avait \u00e9t\u00e9 nomm\u00e9 au conseil d\u2019administration d\u2019une compagnie gazi\u00e8re ukrainienne pay\u00e9 50’000 dollars par mois en 2014. Ce qui a soulev\u00e9 quelques questions dans cette nomination, c\u2019est le fait qu\u2019Hunter Biden n\u2019avait aucune exp\u00e9rience particuli\u00e8re dans ce domaine et que cela s\u2019\u00e9tait produit lorsque son p\u00e8re \u00e9tait le bras droit du 44.<\/sup> pr\u00e9sident.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les journalistes ont alors demand\u00e9 s\u2019il n\u2019y avait pas de conflits d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eats au vu de la situation de l\u2019Ukraine face \u00e0 la Russie. Trump demande donc \u00e0 Zelenski d\u2019enqu\u00eater sur les Biden apr\u00e8s avoir d\u00e9j\u00e0 envoy\u00e9 son avocat personnel en Ukraine au printemps. Le principal argument du camp Trump est, par cons\u00e9quent, que le pr\u00e9sident voulait juste demander \u00e0 son homologue d\u2019aller plus loin dans la lutte contre la corruption dans le pays, sujet qui pr\u00e9occupe l\u00e9gitimement les puissances occidentales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

Le compte-rendu du fameux appel du 25 juillet se r\u00e9duit \u00e0 cinq pages et ne reproduit que partiellement les \u00e9changes entre les deux chefs d\u2019Etat. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9 le 25 septembre \u00e0 la demande de Trump, qui esp\u00e9rait \u00e9teindre cette affaire. Un d\u00e9bat tr\u00e8s intense a anim\u00e9 la Maison Blanche et Pompeo, le secr\u00e9taire d\u2019Etat, avait s\u00fbrement compris avant Trump ce qui \u00e9tait probl\u00e9matique dans cet appel. En effet, l\u2019enjeu de cette conversation repose sur le mot \u00abchantage\u00bb. En demandant \u00e0 Zelensky d\u2019investiguer sur les Biden, Trump \u00e9voque l\u2019aide militaire promise aux Ukrainiens. Cette aide qui repr\u00e9sente quatre cents millions en armes avait \u00e9t\u00e9 suspendue peu de temps auparavant par la Maison-Blanche. Le pr\u00e9sident ukrainien avoue que cette assistance est tr\u00e8s importante pour son pays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La phrase exacte de Trump durant cet appel est: \u00abJe voudrais n\u00e9anmoins que vous nous accordiez une faveur.\u00bb Apr\u00e8s analyse de cette phrase essentielle, nous remarquons que le pr\u00e9sident utilise le pronom personnel \u00abje\u00bb, ce qui montre que ce n\u2019est pas le pr\u00e9sident des Etats-Unis qui s\u2019adresse \u00e0 un autre pr\u00e9sident, mais un homme \u00e0 un autre. \u00abFaveur\u00bb exprime bien que Donald Trump attend quelque chose contre l\u2019aide qui l\u2019accorde. Un lanceur d\u2019alerte travaillant au sein des services de renseignements a signal\u00e9 \u00e0 sa hi\u00e9rarchie le contenu probl\u00e9matique de cette conversation, ce qui nous m\u00e8ne tout droit \u00e0 l\u2019ouverture de la proc\u00e9dure de destitution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les trois probl\u00e8mes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Premi\u00e8rement, si cet \u00e9change entre les chefs d\u2019Etat s\u2019av\u00e9rait \u00eatre du chantage, Trump se serait servi de son pouvoir pour obtenir des informations compromettantes de la part d\u2019un gouvernement \u00e9tranger sur son rival politique. Il aurait utilis\u00e9 son poste public pour servir ses int\u00e9r\u00eats priv\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Deuxi\u00e8mement, si c\u2019est toujours un march\u00e9 qui est bien propos\u00e9 dans cet entretien t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique, cela implique que le pr\u00e9sident am\u00e9ricain demande une interf\u00e9rence \u00e9trang\u00e8re dans les \u00e9lections \u00e0 venir. Ce probl\u00e8me fait \u00e9cho \u00e0 l\u2019interf\u00e9rence russe qui a eu lieu en 2016. Le procureur en charge de cette affaire a conclu le 24 juillet, soit la veille du rendez-vous t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique avec Zelensky, qu\u2019aucun proche de Trump ou lui-m\u00eame ne pouvait \u00eatre inculp\u00e9 pour conspiration. Nous pourrions ainsi nous demander si cette victoire du businessman<\/em> ne lui a pas fait penser qu\u2019il \u00e9tait intouchable et qu\u2019il pouvait tout se permettre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

Derni\u00e8rement, nous avons appris que la Maison-Blanche a tent\u00e9 de dissimuler cet entretien avec Zelensky en pla\u00e7ant le compte-rendu sur un serveur informatique s\u00e9curis\u00e9 pour qu\u2019il ne soit pas facilement accessible. C\u2019est notamment cet acte qui a pouss\u00e9 le lancer d’alerte \u00e0 se manifester. Trump est donc soup\u00e7onn\u00e9 d\u2019entrave \u00e0 la justice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La Chambre des repr\u00e9sentants interroge plusieurs personnes, dont Gordon Sondland, l\u2019ambassadrice Marie Yovanovitch ou encore le lieutenant-colonel Alexander Vindman. M\u00eame si tous ces t\u00e9moignages accusent Donald Trump, peu croient qu\u2019il va bel et bien \u00eatre d\u00e9mis de ses fonctions. Si la Chambre des repr\u00e9sentants est \u00e0 majorit\u00e9 d\u00e9mocrate depuis janvier 2019, le S\u00e9nat reste \u00e0 majorit\u00e9 r\u00e9publicaine. En se rappelant que c\u2019est la chambre haute du Congr\u00e8s qui a le dernier mot, il est difficile d\u2019imaginer les r\u00e9publicains votant contre le pr\u00e9sident.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schreiben Sie der Autorin: megane.luquiens@leregardlibre.com<\/a><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Amtsenthebung von Donald Trump?<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27881,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[644357281],"tags":[3093997,644343367,189091,644343372,644343371,2769463,644343373,644343370],"class_list":["post-27879","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-monde","tag-congres-americain","tag-destitution","tag-donald-trump","tag-gordon-sondland","tag-joe-biden","tag-maison-blanche","tag-marie-yovanovitch","tag-volodymyr-zelensky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa premi\u00e8re proc\u00e9dure de destitution du XXIe si\u00e8cle<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/de\/politik\/welt\/la-premiere-procedure-de-destitution-du-xxi-siecle\/\" \/>\n<meta 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