{"id":533686,"date":"2026-10-28T07:30:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-28T06:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/?p=533686"},"modified":"2026-10-28T07:43:40","modified_gmt":"2026-10-28T06:43:40","slug":"schweizer-innovation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/de\/economie\/suisse-innovation\/","title":{"rendered":"Die Schweiz kann sich nicht mehr damit begn\u00fcgen, nur noch Erfindungen zu machen"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>En t\u00eate du classement mondial de l\u2019innovation, l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me helv\u00e9tique sait cr\u00e9er des entreprises. \u00c0 l\u2019\u00e8re de l\u2019intelligence artificielle, les faire grandir chez elle d\u00e9pendra de trois ressources: le capital, le calcul et la confiance.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Peu de pays inventent autant que la Suisse. Elle domine depuis plus de quinze ans le classement mondial de l\u2019innovation et a d\u00e9pos\u00e9 en 2025 plus de demandes de brevets europ\u00e9ens par habitant que tout autre pays, hors Liechtenstein. L\u2019\u00e9conomiste Joseph Schumpeter distinguait n\u00e9anmoins l\u2019invention, qui rel\u00e8ve du savoir, de l\u2019innovation, qui exige qu\u2019une entreprise porte l\u2019id\u00e9e jusqu\u2019au march\u00e9. C\u2019est dans cet intervalle que se joue une part de notre prosp\u00e9rit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sur le terrain de l\u2019innovation helv\u00e9tique, les chiffres flattent \u00e0 premi\u00e8re vue. En 2025, l\u2019Ecole polytechnique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL) a vu na\u00eetre un record de 39 start-up; celle de Zurich (ETH), 46. Cinq ans apr\u00e8s leur cr\u00e9ation, 70 \u00e0 90% de ces <em>spin-off<\/em> sont encore en activit\u00e9. On s\u2019en f\u00e9licite volontiers, mais ce taux devrait plut\u00f4t nous interroger. Dans l\u2019\u00e9conomie de l\u2019innovation, l\u2019\u00e9chec n\u2019est pas une anomalie: c\u2019est le prix des paris audacieux. Si presque toutes les jeunes pousses survivent, cela signifie aussi que leurs mod\u00e8les prennent peu de risques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Beaucoup de ces <em>spin-off<\/em> deviennent des PME solides, rentables et prudentes. Trop peu cherchent \u00e0 devenir des leaders mondiaux, avec ce que cela suppose de capital, de vitesse et d\u2019audace. Le d\u00e9fi s\u2019est donc d\u00e9plac\u00e9: la Suisse sait cr\u00e9er des entreprises, mais peine \u00e0 les faire grandir chez elle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-faire-grandir-ce-que-nous-inventons\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Faire grandir ce que nous inventons<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019intelligence artificielle rend l\u2019enjeu pressant\u202f: trois ressources y d\u00e9cident du destin d\u2019une jeune entreprise, le capital, le calcul et la confiance. Le capital, d\u2019abord. Dans la <em>deeptech<\/em> suisse, plus de 80% des fonds lev\u00e9s lors des tours de table compris entre 15 et 100 millions de dollars viennent de l\u2019\u00e9tranger, contre 60% en moyenne europ\u00e9enne. En 2024, 30 des 41 rachats de start-up suisses ont \u00e9t\u00e9 le fait d\u2019acheteurs \u00e9trangers. Ni le rachat ni le capital \u00e9tranger ne sont des maux en soi; le probl\u00e8me commence quand la valeur issue d\u2019un effort public se capitalise ailleurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<form method=\"post\" action=\"https:\/\/newsletter.infomaniak.com\/external\/submit\" class=\"inf-form\" target=\"_blank\"><input type=\"email\" name=\"email\" style=\"display:none\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"key\"\nvalue=\"eyJpdiI6IlZXRVJGMlRGQUU2alNqUE81bitIUk5adnNVa0c4MllFTStzOHdHT1FQZ3c9IiwidmFsdWUiOiJIYzhwMUVCK1pTNnlhY3MyMmhuZlhReWJqemEwNk93blMxTjFHc0s2VHZrPSIsIm1hYyI6ImVhYTQ5N2I1M2NiYWE4NzBm\nNjk2NzgzYjliM2Y5NmYzM2E2ZmU3NGQxNTU1ZDFkMTU1MzY5NTdjYjE3ZTJmNTUifQ==\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"webform_id\" value=\"7291\"><style> .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff{ background-color:#f5f5f5;\npadding:25px 20px; margin:25px auto; } .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-content { margin-top:13px;} .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff h4, .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff span, .inf-\nmain_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff label, .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff input, .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-submit, .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-success p a { color:#555555; font-\nsize:14px; } .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff h4{ font-size:18px; margin:0px 0px 13px 0px; } .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff h4, .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff label{ font-weight:bold; } .inf-\nmain_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-input { margin-bottom:7px; } .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff label { display:block;} .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff input{ height:35px; color:#999999; border: 1px solid\n#E9E9E9; border:none; padding-left:7px; } .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-input.inf-error label, .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-input.inf-error span.inf-message{ color: #cc0033; } .inf-\nmain_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-input.inf-error input{ border: 1px solid #cc0033; } .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-input input { width:100%;} .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-input.inf-error\nspan.inf-message { display: block; } .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-submit { text-align:right;} .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-submit input{ background-color:#777777; color:#ffffff; border:none; font-weight:\nnormal; height:auto; padding:7px; } .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-submit input.disabled{ opacity: 0.4; } .inf-btn { color: rgb(85, 85, 85); border: medium none; font-weight: normal; height: auto; padding: 7px; display: inline-block;\nbackground-color: white; box-shadow: 0px 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); border-radius: 2px; line-height: 1em; } .inf-rgpd { margin:25px 0px 15px 0px; color:#555555; } <\/style> <div class=\"inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff\">\n<h4>NEWSLETTER DU REGARD LIBRE<\/h4> <span>Recevez nos articles chaque dimanche.<\/span> <div class=\"inf-success\" style=\"display:none\"> <h4>Votre inscription \u00e0 notre infolettre hebdomadaire a \u00e9t\u00e9 enregistr\u00e9e avec succ\u00e8s !<\/h4> <p>\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"inf-btn\">&laquo;<\/a> <\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"inf-content\"> <div class=\"inf-input inf-input-text\"> <input type=\"text\" name=\"inf[1]\" data-inf-meta = \"1\" data-inf-error = \"Merci de renseigner une adresse email\" required=\"required\"\nplaceholder=\"Email\" > <\/div> <div class=\"inf-submit\"> <input type=\"submit\" name=\"\" value=\"S\u2019inscrire\"> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <\/form>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Or, nos caisses de pension g\u00e8rent plus de 1200 milliards de francs: 1% de cette \u00e9pargne, investi progressivement dans des portefeuilles diversifi\u00e9s de jeunes entreprises suisses, repr\u00e9senterait plus de quatre fois le capital-risque investi en Suisse en 2025. Nous le proposons sans contraindre les caisses, dont le devoir fiduciaire demeure entier: il s\u2019agit d\u2019associer notre \u00e9pargne \u00e0 la croissance que notre recherche rend possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-le-calcul-une-infrastructure-strategique\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Le calcul, une infrastructure strat\u00e9gique<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le calcul, ensuite. Gr\u00e2ce au supercalculateur Alps, l\u2019EPFL, l\u2019ETH Zurich et le Centre suisse de calcul scientifique ont pu entra\u00eener \u00abApertus\u00bb, un mod\u00e8le de langage enti\u00e8rement ouvert. Toutefois, un seul campus texan est con\u00e7u pour atteindre une puissance de 1,2 gigawatt, tandis que la capacit\u00e9 actuellement disponible dans tous les centres de donn\u00e9es commerciaux suisses s\u2019\u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00e0 environ 340 m\u00e9gawatts. Nous ne gagnerons pas la course au volume.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En janvier 2025, une r\u00e8gle am\u00e9ricaine, abrog\u00e9e avant son entr\u00e9e en vigueur, avait class\u00e9 la Suisse parmi les pays dont l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux puces avanc\u00e9es aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 contingent\u00e9. Une capacit\u00e9 import\u00e9e reste une capacit\u00e9 sous condition. La souverainet\u00e9, ici, n\u2019est pas l\u2019autarcie: c\u2019est la facult\u00e9 de choisir ses d\u00e9pendances plut\u00f4t que de les subir. Le calcul est devenu une infrastructure, comme l\u2019\u00e9nergie ou le rail: il exige une vision de long terme, des capitaux priv\u00e9s aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s des fonds publics et un acc\u00e8s ouvert aux jeunes entreprises.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-la-confiance-comme-avantage-comparatif\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>La confiance comme avantage comparatif<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Reste la confiance. H\u00f4pitaux, entreprises et administrations h\u00e9sitent, avec raison, \u00e0 confier leurs donn\u00e9es \u00e0 des syst\u00e8mes opaques, soumis \u00e0 d\u2019autres juridictions. La Suisse peut devenir non pas la plus grande, mais la plus n\u00e9cessaire, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des mod\u00e8les ouverts, dont chacun peut examiner les sources et reproduire les r\u00e9sultats, \u00e0 un droit stable et \u00e0 une protection des donn\u00e9es reconnue par l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne. Ce terrain de confiance qu\u2019elle a longtemps offert \u00e0 la diplomatie, elle peut d\u00e9sormais l\u2019offrir aux donn\u00e9es. Encore faut-il un cadre r\u00e9glementaire clair et proportionn\u00e9: confus ou instable, il p\u00e8se d\u2019abord sur les plus petits acteurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gen\u00e8ve accueillera les 21 et 22 juin 2027 le prochain sommet international sur l\u2019intelligence artificielle, consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019innovation et \u00e0 la confiance. L\u2019occasion est rare de r\u00e9unir la recherche, la finance et la r\u00e9gulation, trois mondes qui, chez nous, se parlent encore trop peu. La place financi\u00e8re genevoise attire d\u00e9j\u00e0 de nouveaux acteurs: la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 technologique Freedom24, la branche europ\u00e9enne de Freedom Holding Corp., a indiqu\u00e9 en septembre qu\u2019elle consid\u00e8re la Suisse comme un march\u00e9 pr\u00e9sentant un int\u00e9r\u00eat strat\u00e9gique \u00e0 long terme et qu\u2019elle \u00e9tudie des possibilit\u00e9s pour s\u2019implanter \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019arriv\u00e9e de tels acteurs est une bonne nouvelle. Encore faut-il que leurs capitaux rencontrent ce qui sort de nos hautes \u00e9coles. La Suisse est devenue l\u2019un des grands laboratoires du monde. Il lui reste \u00e0 d\u00e9cider si ce qu\u2019elle invente grandira aussi chez elle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Nicolas Ramseier<\/strong> est pr\u00e9sident du Centre de Gen\u00e8ve pour la Neutralit\u00e9<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Cette th\u00e9matique sera approfondie vendredi 30 octobre lors de la conf\u00e9rence \u00abFrom Lab to Market\u00bb \u00e0 la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de Lecture \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 id=\"h-vous-venez-de-lire-un-contenu-inedit-en-libre-acces-debats-analyses-actualites-culturelles-nbsp-abonnez-vous-nbsp-a-notre-media-de-reflexion-pour-nous-soutenir-et-avoir-acces-a-tous-nos-contenus\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vous venez de lire un contenu in\u00e9dit en libre acc\u00e8s. D\u00e9bats, analyses, actualit\u00e9s culturelles:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/abonnement\/\">abonnez-vous<\/a>&nbsp;\u00e0 notre m\u00e9dia de r\u00e9flexion pour nous soutenir et avoir acc\u00e8s \u00e0 tous nos contenus!<\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Die Schweiz, weltweit f\u00fchrend im Bereich Innovation, hat Schwierigkeiten, das Wachstum ihrer Start-ups voranzutreiben. Kapital, Rechenleistung und Vertrauen stehen dabei im Mittelpunkt der Herausforderung.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1952,"featured_media":533687,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27371],"tags":[9472,644358555,186],"class_list":["post-533686","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economie","tag-analyses","tag-economie","tag-innovation"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.5 (Yoast SEO v28.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>La Suisse ne peut plus se contenter d\u2019inventer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Leader mondial de l\u2019innovation, la Suisse peine \u00e0 faire grandir ses start-up. 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