{"id":14766,"date":"2018-03-24T10:47:09","date_gmt":"2018-03-24T09:47:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/?p=14766"},"modified":"2022-09-04T10:14:43","modified_gmt":"2022-09-04T08:14:43","slug":"regimes-sans-viande-et-veganisme-vraiment-ecolo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/en\/company\/regimes-sans-viande-et-veganisme-vraiment-ecolo\/","title":{"rendered":"Veganism and meat-free diets: really \u00abgreen\u00bb?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le Regard Libre N\u00b0 36 - H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Lavoyer<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

These days, everyday discussions often revolve around our eating habits. While meat-free diets, and in particular veganism, seem to be gaining ground, their environmental virtues may not be all that obvious. It could be that the diet chosen is not the right indicator of the ecological footprint.
<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Dans un article datant du mois d\u2019ao\u00fbt 2017, Le Regard Libre<\/i> abordait le sujet de la consommation d\u2019insectes, estimant leur capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 remplacer la viande. En effet, la production de cette derni\u00e8re est \u00e0 l\u2019origine de pr\u00e8s de 15% des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre, et responsable de 80% de la d\u00e9forestation en Amazonie. De plus, la consommation d\u2019eau n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 la production d\u2019un seul kilo de viande repr\u00e9sente un nombre astronomique (entre 4\u2019000 et 15\u2019000 selon qu\u2019il s\u2019agisse de porc, de poulet ou de b\u0153uf). De quoi se questionner sur notre avenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Read also | \u00abDes insectes dans l\u2019assiette?\u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les avis divergent sur les meilleures fa\u00e7ons de consommer \u00ab \u00e9colo \u00bb, mais la r\u00e9duction drastique de notre consommation de viande reste absolument n\u00e9cessaire. C\u2019est du moins un avis faisant l\u2019unanimit\u00e9 dans les domaines scientifique, politique ou \u00e9cologiste. Par ailleurs, des r\u00e9gimes alimentaires plus responsables ont fait leur apparition dans les discussions au moment du repas. V\u00e9g\u00e9tarisme ou v\u00e9ganisme, ces deux modes de consommation r\u00e9pondraient mieux au besoin croissant de coh\u00e9rence et de respect de l\u2019environnement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La diversit\u00e9 des r\u00e9gimes sans viande<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Il existe \u00e0 ce jour de multiples types d\u2019alimentation qui excluent la viande. Alors que les lacto-ovo-v\u00e9g\u00e9tariens, par exemple, ne consomment ni viande ni poisson, tout en s\u2019autorisant les produits laitiers et les \u0153ufs, les v\u00e9g\u00e9taliens ne mangent aucun de ces produits, ni d\u2019autres issus de l\u2019exploitation animale. Bien d\u2019autres \u2013 ovo-v\u00e9g\u00e9tarisme, pesco-v\u00e9g\u00e9tarisme (autorisant la consommation de poisson) \u2013 de ces modes alimentaires bannissant la viande existent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les raisons provoquant un tel changement d\u2019alimentation se retrouvent bien souvent dans le discours des partisans de ces divers r\u00e9gimes : pr\u00e9occupations \u00e9cologiques ou concernant le respect de la nature et des animaux, bienfaits pour la sant\u00e9, coh\u00e9rence psychique permettant d\u2019acc\u00e9der \u00e0 plus de s\u00e9r\u00e9nit\u00e9 en sont les principales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e9ganisme et anti-sp\u00e9cisme<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Si ces r\u00e9gimes engagent d\u2019ordinaire une modification du mode de vie \u2013 celui men\u00e9 le plus largement en Europe occidentale \u2013, il en est un particulier qui en implique la r\u00e9forme compl\u00e8te; il s\u2019agit du v\u00e9ganisme, \u00e9galement appel\u00e9 \u00abv\u00e9g\u00e9talisme int\u00e9gral\u00bb. Int\u00e9gral car, pour ses adeptes, tous produits issus de l\u2019exploitation animale d\u00e9serte leur existence. Exit lait, \u0153ufs et miel, mais \u00e9galement le cuir, la laine, la soie et tout produit test\u00e9 sur les animaux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019id\u00e9ologie v\u00e9gane red\u00e9finit tout d\u2019abord la relation des \u00eatres humains aux animaux de tous genres, \u00e0 l\u2019instar de la philosophie antisp\u00e9ciste \u2013 ce mot, entr\u00e9 dans Le Robert<\/em><\/a> \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9dition 2017, d\u00e9signe une id\u00e9ologie contestant une hi\u00e9rarchie dans le monde du vivant, pla\u00e7ant les animaux au m\u00eame rang que celui de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce humaine, condamnant du m\u00eame coup toute exploitation des premiers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quantit\u00e9 de v\u00e9ganes sont donc \u00e9galement militants pour la cause animale et, se voulant absolu, ce mode de vie pr\u00f4ne r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement l\u2019\u00e9cologisme ou encore l\u2019hygi\u00e9nisme, des valeurs prenant de plus en plus de place dans la vie d\u2019habitants des pays dits \u00abd\u00e9velopp\u00e9s\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pas si magique, l\u2019exotisme<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

En outre et afin de maintenir une alimentation \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e, il faut diversifier son alimentation; pois chiches, avocats, \u00e9pices, riz, soja, laits d\u2019amande ou de\u00a0coco,\u00a0 graines de chia, baies de goji, mangues\u2026 Tous ces produits tant appr\u00e9ci\u00e9 des v\u00e9g\u00e9tar-liens remplacent tant\u00f4t les graisses tant\u00f4t les prot\u00e9ines ou encore les vitamines n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 une bonne sant\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les industries alimentaires l\u2019ont compris, pour vendre aux consommateurs toujours plus exigeants et \u00abconscients\u00bb, la fili\u00e8re v\u00e9g\u00e9talienne devait \u00eatre exploit\u00e9e. Aujourd\u2019hui fleurissent les \u00e9talages de produits v\u00e9ganes, too<\/i> faciles d\u2019acc\u00e8s et, quoiqu\u2019exempts de produits animaux, l\u2019utilisation de l\u2019huile de palme persiste dans de nombreux produits \u2013 alors que cette culture d\u00e9vaste tant la faune que la flore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Remplacer les produits supprim\u00e9s (viande, \u0153ufs, lait, fromage, cuir) ne serait pas non plus la meilleure solution; le processus de fabrication d\u2019une mozzarella v\u00e9g\u00e9talienne demande par exemple plusieurs ingr\u00e9dients provenant des quatre coins de la plan\u00e8te\u2026 et les cultures du soja que l\u2019on utilise afin de recr\u00e9er des steaks ou m\u00eame en tofu, participent elles-aussi \u00e0 de gros d\u00e9g\u00e2ts, tant qu\u2019aux injustices agricoles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Et si les fruits et l\u00e9gumes consomment moins d\u2019eau qu\u2019un animal \u2013 quoique les avocats en soient tr\u00e8s gourmands \u2013, leur transport consomme immanquablement une \u00e9nergie folle. De plus, le manque de contr\u00f4le sur les cultures \u00e9loign\u00e9es de notre ville ou village permet \u00e0 l\u2019exploitation des paysans de perdurer secr\u00e8tement \u2013 c\u2019est le cas de la culture de l\u2019avocat, notamment au Mexique, o\u00f9 les ravages sont manifestes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La question humaine<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Et s\u2019il s\u2019av\u00e8re crucial de conscientiser les populations du monde entier quant \u00e0 leur rapport aux animaux, qu\u2019en est-il de l\u2019humain? Une fois de plus, nous pointons du doigt le secteur industriel. Les marques de pr\u00eat-\u00e0-porter les plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bres et dont la croissance persiste repr\u00e9sentent un exemple incroyable d\u2019exploitation humaine \u2013 et donc\u2026 \u00abanimale\u00bb? \u2013 inacceptable, et ne se trouvant pas \u00e9cart\u00e9es d\u2019office d\u2019un mode de vie v\u00e9g\u00e9tarien ou v\u00e9gane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce que l\u2019on attend aujourd\u2019hui, et ce qui se trouve au plus profond dans l\u2019id\u00e9ologie v\u00e9gane est, \u00e0 nos yeux, une action concr\u00e8te pour alt\u00e9rer nos habitudes de consommation: acheter local plut\u00f4t qu\u2019\u00e9tranger, pr\u00e9f\u00e9rer la qualit\u00e9 \u00e0 la quantit\u00e9, harmoniser sa consommation avec les saisons, consommer non pas moins, mais mieux. L\u2019argumentation v\u00e9gane est convaincante, mais son application doit \u00eatre r\u00e9fl\u00e9chie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une id\u00e9ologie seule ne trouve pas r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 toutes les questions soci\u00e9tales et existentielles. Il nous semble justifi\u00e9 de dire que l\u2019innovation survient dans l\u2019\u00e9coute de toutes les opinions ainsi qu\u2019en se gardant bien de consid\u00e9rer qu\u2019il n\u2019y a qu\u2019une seule fa\u00e7on de faire les choses dans la lumi\u00e8re de la justice et de la coh\u00e9rence. Nous d\u00e9sirons surtout d\u00e9montrer que c\u2019est dans l\u2019alliance et la compr\u00e9hension que nous serons capables d\u2019\u00e9voluer vers une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 meilleure, et que chaque fa\u00e7on de faire poss\u00e8de des aspects positifs, mais \u00e9galement des risques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Write to the author: helene.lavoyer@leregardlibre.com<\/a><\/i><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Regard Libre N\u00b0 36 \u2013 H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Lavoyer Actuellement, les discussions de tous les jours portent souvent sur nos modes d\u2019alimentation….<\/p>","protected":false},"author":326,"featured_media":14767,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42546,8796],"tags":[69376,6206004,161730,225028,45797,27281,911864,57616,223952424,56871112,40748992,9136982,12360755,1045054,385363],"class_list":["post-14766","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gastronomie","category-societe","tag-alimentation","tag-anti-specisme","tag-consommation","tag-deforestation","tag-ecologie","tag-environnement","tag-gaz-a-effet-de-serre","tag-nourriture","tag-ovo-vegetarisme","tag-pesco-vegetarisme","tag-regimes-alimentaires","tag-respect-de-lenvironnement","tag-vegane","tag-veganisme","tag-viande"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nV\u00e9ganisme et r\u00e9gimes sans viande: vraiment \u00ab\u00e9colo\u00bb?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"V\u00e9ganisme et 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