{"id":513087,"date":"2022-10-18T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-10-18T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/?p=513087"},"modified":"2023-06-16T16:30:13","modified_gmt":"2023-06-16T14:30:13","slug":"when-eugene-settles-accounts-with-nicolae-ceausescu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/en\/literature\/when-eugene-settles-accounts-with-nicolae-ceausescu\/","title":{"rendered":"When Eug\u00e8ne settles accounts with Nicolae Ceau\u0219escu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"has-drop-cap\"><strong>In a letter addressed to the Romanian dictator, the author recounts his relationship with the shadow that hung over his life and his journey as a migrant. A striking testimony, somewhere between a theatrical text and an open letter.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more LIRE LA RECENSION (EN LIBRE ACC\u00c8S)-->\n\n\n\n<p>\u00abRelatively early on, I realized that my memories, my childhood, my whole life before that, belonged to the communist Jurassic Park, gone and buried with the idea of Yugoslavia,\u00bb wrote Velibor \u0106oli\u0107 in his account <em>Jesus and Tito<\/em>. A native of Bosnia-Herzegovina, when it was part of Yugoslavia, Velibor \u0106oli\u0107 spent his childhood - as the title of the story suggests - surrounded by images of Tito, the Communist dictator, and Jesus, before deserting the ranks of the Bosnian army in 1992 to emigrate to France. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the hallmarks of totalitarian regimes is the establishment of a cult of personality around a charismatic leader. Indoctrination of the population, reading of texts written by dictators, propaganda posters depicting them as supermen... Manipulative tools are numerous and effective in conditioning the inhabitants of a country ruled with an iron fist. The author of <em>Jesus and Tito<\/em>, like other writers who have lived in much the same circumstances, looks back on his past to tell how, in one way or another, the Yugoslav dictator was an integral part of his family and his life. Even as a child.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Looking back<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In the same vein of a return to the past, more specifically an exchange with a figure who marked his life, the Vaud writer of Romanian origin Eug\u00e8ne - Eug\u00e8ne Meiltz by his full name - publishes <em>Letter to my dictator <\/em>published by Editions Slaktine. After <em>The Valley of Youth <\/em>(La Joie de Lire, 2007) and <em>The mammoth and the virus <\/em>(Slatkine, 2020), the author continues to open the doors of his life by addressing an open letter to \u00abNicolae\u00bb. A man who is none other than Romanian dictator Nicolae Ceau\u0219escu, also nicknamed \u00abThe Danube of Thought\u00bb or the \u00abConduc\u0103tor\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At the time of writing, Eug\u00e8ne is 52 years old. Having arrived in Switzerland at the age of six, to join his parents who had managed to escape the Romanian Communist regime - an episode recounted in the letter - the author had built up his life, his experiences, his loves and his friendships here. But despite the temporal and geographical distance, Eug\u00e8ne has never ceased to converse with the dictator he fled, or to be assimilated into Romania. A country with which he maintains an ambiguous relationship, between attachment and strangeness, and which he visits several times at different moments in his life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The work, which takes the form of a letter, is a long address to this \u00abNicolae\u00bb, whom the author does not hesitate to use the familiar, to question, to challenge, to mock and even to thank. Under the guise of a theatrical monologue, this <em>Letter to my dictator <\/em>incorporates other literary forms: narration of historical episodes, a telegram, dialogues, open letters, and even a short play, entitled <em>The trial of the Ceau\u0219escu couple. Tragicomedy in one act<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But why write this book, and even more so, why now? The author begins his text with a kind of assessment (of his life, his work...). It's a cyclical review that we find, set out in greater detail, at the end of the book, and which completes and closes the narrative.  At the beginning of the story, Eugene returns to the ties that bind him to Nicolae and evokes a certain \u00abdebt\u00bb he owes the dictator. For the author, this letter is a way of settling scores with the Romanian tyrant, but also a way of writing down his life's journey and linking it to history. And, ultimately, an opportunity for Eug\u00e8ne to reveal himself, like a stage actor, to readers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u00abI've become someone you probably wouldn't have liked. My stories evoke the absurdity of the world. I love irony and consider self-mockery salutary. In short, I make it a point of honor to have nothing in common with you. And yet, I owe you something. I owe you a debt. Disturbing and irritating.\u00bb<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<form method=\"post\" action=\"https:\/\/newsletter.infomaniak.com\/external\/submit\" class=\"inf-form\" target=\"_blank\"><input type=\"email\" name=\"email\" style=\"display:none\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"key\" value=\"eyJpdiI6IlZXRVJGMlRGQUU2alNqUE81bitIUk5adnNVa0c4MllFTStzOHdHT1FQZ3c9IiwidmFsdWUiOiJIYzhwMUVCK1pTNnlhY3MyMmhuZlhReWJqemEwNk93blMxTjFHc0s2VHZrPSIsIm1hYyI6ImVhYTQ5N2I1M2NiYWE4NzBm Njk2NzgzYjliM2Y5NmYzM2E2ZmU3NGQxNTU1ZDFkMTU1MzY5NTdjYjE3ZTJmNTUifQ==\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"webform_id\" value=\"7291\"><style> .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff{ background-color:#f5f5f5; padding:25px 20px; margin:25px auto; } .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-content { margin-top:13px;} .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff h4, .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff span, .inf- main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff label, .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff input, .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-submit, .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-success p a { color:#555555; font-size:14px; } .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff h4{ font-size:18px; margin:0px 0px 13px 0px; } .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff h4, .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff label{ font-weight:bold; } .inf- main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-input { margin-bottom:7px; } .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff label { display:block;} .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff input{ height:35px; color:#999999; border: 1px solid #E9E9E9; border:none; padding-left:7px; } .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-input.inf-error label, .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-input.inf-error span.inf-message{ color: #cc0033; } .inf- main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-input.inf-error input{ border: 1px solid #cc0033; } .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-input input { width:100%;} .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-input.inf-error span.inf-message { display: block; } .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-submit { text-align:right;} .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-submit input{ background-color:#777777; color:#ffffff; border:none; font-weight: normal; height:auto; padding:7px; } .inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff .inf-submit input.disabled{ opacity: 0.4; } .inf-btn { color: rgb(85, 85, 85); border: medium none; font-weight: normal; height: auto; padding: 7px; display: inline- block; background-color: white; box-shadow: 0px 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); border-radius: 2px; line-height: 1em; } .inf-rgpd { margin:25px 0px 15px 0px; color:#555555; } <\/style> <div class=\"inf-main_3000311ca56a1cb93397bc676c0b7fff\"> <h4>NEWSLETTER DU REGARD LIBRE<\/h4> <span>Receive our articles every Sunday.<\/span> <div class=\"inf-success\" style=\"display:none\"> <h4>Your subscription to our weekly newsletter has been successfully registered!<\/h4> <p> <a href=\"#\" class=\"inf-btn\">\u00ab<\/a> <\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"inf-content\"> <div class=\"inf-input inf-input-text\"> <input type=\"text\" name=\"inf[1]\" data-inf-meta=\"1\" data-inf-error=\"Merci de renseigner une adresse email\" required=\"required\" placeholder=\"Email\"> <\/div> <div class=\"inf-submit\"> <input type=\"submit\" name=\"\" value=\"Sign up\"> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <\/form>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Open letter and history<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Letter to my dictator <\/em>turns out to be a hybrid work: at once an intimate correspondence between the author and a disappeared person, the dictator Ceau\u0219escu, and the unveiling (and addressing) of this correspondence to a wider audience (readers). Within it, the author retraces some of Romania's major historical events, such as Charles de Gaulle's visit to Romania during the events of May 68, the Romanian revolution of 1989, the Timi\u0219oara mass grave affair...<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We learn, among other things, that during 1989, Nicolae Ceau\u0219escu received several open letters from politicians, poet Dan De\u0219liu and others criticizing the regime. The peculiarity of these missives, apart from being banned and censored in a Communist country, was that they were read out on Radio Free Europe (based in Munich, West Germany, at the time). This underlines the specificity of these writings (and of the author's book): letters written to be read... aloud. As if to proclaim loud and clear what was kept quiet under the dictatorship.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u00abPolitical veterans, a poet, anonymous people: my letter to my dictator is definitely not the first. My approach is part of a kind of tradition. I bow to the courage of my predecessors. They wrote to you <em>in your lifetime<\/em> and therefore risked their skins.\u00bb<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The relationship with language<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the book's most striking themes is the relationship with language. The author, whose first language is Romanian, learned French as his \u00absecond mother tongue\u00bb and Frenchified his first name. This French language, \u00abthe language of Charles de Gaulle\u00bb, is also used by the father in his interview with the police officer seeking asylum. A language in which the author expresses himself and takes up his pen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00abFrance adores foreigners who speak French,\u00bb Eug\u00e8ne writes in his letter about the media coverage the events of the Romanian revolution received from French channels. Romanians, if it must be said, are a Francophile people, and their relationship with France is a close one. Tristan Tzara, Eug\u00e8ne Ionesco, Emil Cioran and Dumitru Tsepeneag - to name but a few.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In his relationship with his languages, the author navigates between two rivers of identity: in Romania, his mastery of Eminescu's language makes him suspect in the eyes of the locals; in Switzerland, he is constantly referred back to his Romanian \u00abidentity\u00bb - notably his childhood classmates who equate Eug\u00e8ne with Ceau\u0219escu's dictatorship. These two languages, both family and social ties, prove fundamental in the author's journey and the story of his parents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With <em>Letter to my dictator<\/em>, Eug\u00e8ne lays bare his history with Nicolae Ceau\u0219escu. A rich and poignant testimony that perhaps, like <em>The Valley of Youth<\/em>, could be adapted for the stage, to follow in the footsteps of the precursors who inspired this exercise. Freeing speech to settle the score with censorship.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u00abOn July 6 of the same year [1978], the Department of the Interior of the Canton of Vaud certified my acquisition of Swiss nationality. I was now a native of Lausanne. At the same time, I changed my first name. Before, I was \u201cEugen\u201d. That was my Romanian first name. But that was also how my first name was spelled in German. Which bothered me. I had nothing against the German language, but I didn't want people to think I was born in Zurich, Stuttgart or B\u00fcmplitz. French was my second mother tongue. That's why I officially became \u201cEug\u00e8ne\u201d with a deep accent and a final \u201ce\u201d.\u00bb<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Photo credit: \u00a9 <a href=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/fr\/users\/hpgruesen-2204343\/?utm_source=link-attribution&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=image&amp;utm_content=1280226\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Erich Westendarp<\/a>&nbsp;from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/fr\/photos\/bucarest-palais-du-parlement-1280226\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pixabay&nbsp;<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Write to the author:&nbsp;<a href=\"mailto:ivan.garcia@leregardlibre.com\">ivan.garcia@leregardlibre.com<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>You've just read an open-access article.&nbsp;<\/strong>Debates, analysis, cultural news:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/en\/subscription\/\">subscribe<\/a>&nbsp;to support us and get access to all our content!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:15% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"364\" src=\"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/couv-lettre-eugene.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-513088 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/couv-lettre-eugene.jpeg 200w, https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/couv-lettre-eugene-165x300.jpeg 165w, https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/couv-lettre-eugene-82x150.jpeg 82w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><strong>Eug\u00e8ne&nbsp;<br><em>Letter to my dictator<\/em><br>Editions Slaktine&nbsp;<br>2022&nbsp;<br>190 pages&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.payot.ch\/Detail\/lettre_a_mon_dictateur-eugene_-9782832111420 \">Order the book<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dans une lettre adress\u00e9e au dictateur roumain, l\u2019auteur retrace sa relation avec cette ombre qui a plan\u00e9 sur son existence&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":53,"featured_media":513089,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20663],"tags":[787259,54879,599730,644358224,644340971,644358225,644342480],"class_list":["post-513087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-litterature","tag-communisme","tag-critiques-litteraires","tag-dictature","tag-eugene","tag-lettre","tag-roumanie","tag-temoignage"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Quand Eug\u00e8ne r\u00e8gle ses comptes avec Nicolae Ceau\u0219escu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dans une lettre adress\u00e9e au dictateur roumain, l\u2019auteur retrace sa relation avec cette ombre qui a plan\u00e9 sur son existence. 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