{"id":515628,"date":"2023-01-12T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-01-12T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/?p=515628"},"modified":"2023-04-02T17:29:53","modified_gmt":"2023-04-02T15:29:53","slug":"dune-simone-de-beauvoir-instrumentalisee-a-la-derive-queer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/en\/philosophy\/dune-simone-de-beauvoir-instrumentalisee-a-la-derive-queer\/","title":{"rendered":"From instrumentalized Simone de Beauvoir to queer drift"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00abWe're not born women, we become them\u00bb: Simone de Beauvoir's famous phrase is often quoted today to justify the idea that we can decide our own sex. But Beauvoir was not thinking of putting biological reality into perspective.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Pour comprendre la fameuse phrase de Simone de Beauvoir, il faut d\u2019abord en retrouver le contexte. \u00abOn ne na\u00eet pas femme, on le devient\u00bb doit s\u2019interpr\u00e9ter \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re d\u2019une autre phrase c\u00e9l\u00e8bre du compagnon de l\u2019essayiste fran\u00e7aise, Jean-Paul Sartre: \u00abL\u2019existence pr\u00e9c\u00e8de l\u2019essence\u00bb. Cela signifie que nous nous construisons par nos choix successifs dans la vie et qu\u2019ainsi, nous devenons ce que nous sommes \u2013 autrement dit nous acqu\u00e9rons notre essence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Or, comme l\u2019a rappel\u00e9 la journaliste ind\u00e9pendante Sarah Pines dans la NZZ<\/em> le 14 novembre dernier<\/a>, Simone de Beauvoir ne fait qu\u2019appliquer cette th\u00e8se existentialiste de Sartre \u00e0 la gent f\u00e9minine. Il n\u2019est pas question pour elle de devenir autre chose qu\u2019une femme: elle admet que la s\u00e9paration des sexes est une donn\u00e9e biologique incontournable. Il s\u2019agit seulement pour une femme de se lib\u00e9rer des st\u00e9r\u00e9otypes associ\u00e9s \u00e0 son sexe, tels que ceux de m\u00e8re, vierge ou encore femme mari\u00e9e, pour \u00eatre socialement comme les hommes et choisir ainsi le genre de femme<\/em> qu\u2019elle d\u00e9sire \u00eatre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une phrase d\u00e9natur\u00e9e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Dans les ann\u00e9es 1960, les philosophes que l\u2019on rattache au courant de la French Theory<\/em> ont radicalis\u00e9 l\u2019existentialisme de Sartre et de Beauvoir \u2013 et ont fini par l\u2019annuler, comme le soutient la journaliste. D\u2019apr\u00e8s ces derniers, on ne peut plus dire que \u00abl\u2019existence pr\u00e9c\u00e8de l\u2019essence\u00bb, car il n\u2019y a plus vraiment d\u2019essence ni de nature. Les choses n\u2019ont jamais d\u2019identit\u00e9 propre, tout est fluide. Selon des auteurs comme Gilles Deleuze ou Jacques Derrida, la v\u00e9rit\u00e9 n\u2019existe pas dans le monde, mais seulement dans le texte. Cette importance donn\u00e9e aux mots nous permet d\u2019ailleurs de mieux comprendre pourquoi la lutte pour l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 se centre actuellement sur le langage: l\u2019\u00e9mancipation f\u00e9minine passe par l\u2019adoption d\u2019une langue neutre (\u00e9criture inclusive, pronoms neutres\u2026), d\u00e9barrass\u00e9e de la domination du masculin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Comme il n\u2019y a plus de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 dans le monde, nos corps sont d\u00e9sormais d\u00e9livr\u00e9s du fardeau de toute normativit\u00e9, non seulement en ce qui concerne l\u2019habillement, mais dans leur identit\u00e9 m\u00eame. On peut changer de sexe d\u2019une semaine \u00e0 l\u2019autre. \u00abLes identit\u00e9s de genre sont arbitraires comme la couleur des bas\u00bb, r\u00e9sume Sarah Pines. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Remarquons pour notre part qu\u2019il n\u2019y a m\u00eame plus beaucoup de sens \u00e0 dire que l\u2019on ne na\u00eet pas femme, mais qu\u2019on le devient, si l\u2019on est incapable d\u2019expliquer ce qu\u2019est une femme. D\u2019aucuns affirment en effet aujourd\u2019hui qu\u2019une femme n\u2019a pas forc\u00e9ment un vagin, qu\u2019une personne qui a des r\u00e8gles peut \u00eatre un homme, qu\u2019une femme est simplement une personne qui se sent femme, etc. Que veut dire alors \u00abdevenir femme\u00bb? La circularit\u00e9 de la d\u00e9finition est \u00e9vidente. On na\u00eet, sans savoir ce que l\u2019on est, car le sexe \u00abassign\u00e9 \u00e0 la naissance\u00bb est provisoire, et l\u2019on devient ce que l\u2019on veut \u00eatre\u2026 sans pouvoir le d\u00e9finir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Write to the author: jean-david.ponci@leregardlibre.com<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vous venez de lire une reprise tir\u00e9e de \u00e9dition papier (Le Regard Libre<\/em> N\u00b092<\/a>).<\/h6>\n\n\n\n

Illustration de couverture: \u00a9 Government press office<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00abWe're not born women, we become them\u00bb: Simone de Beauvoir's famous phrase is often quoted today to justify the idea that we can decide our own sex. 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