{"id":527305,"date":"2025-03-31T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-03-31T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/?p=527305"},"modified":"2025-12-25T10:49:26","modified_gmt":"2025-12-25T09:49:26","slug":"antoine-vuille-against-the-culture-of-clash","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/en\/politique\/antoine-vuille-contre-la-culture-du-clash\/","title":{"rendered":"Antoine Vuille against the culture of clash"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"has-drop-cap wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>As debate becomes polarized and personal, Antoine Vuille defends the importance of rigorous argumentation. The philosopher invites us to avoid the vices that weaken the exchange of ideas in a democracy, not without avoiding a few vexing questions.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Putting argumentation back at the heart of debates. This is the invitation extended by Antoine Vuille in his essay <em>Against the culture of clash. Debate and democracy<\/em>, published by Editions Eliott in November. Readers committed to rational debate in a democracy can only welcome such an appeal. All the more so as Switzerland, as the author shows, is not immune to the cult of personality and polarization of opinions that can be observed just about everywhere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the other hand, as the essayist also points out, this country's system already provides incentives for in-depth discussion, starting with direct democracy. Voters regularly express their views on issues, not individuals. According to Antoine Vuille, we need to nurture this culture by avoiding the \u00abargumentative vices\u00bb that undermine the debate of ideas and encourage dishonest confrontation and show politics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-lire-aussi-ni-raison-sans-debat-ni-debat-sans-raison\">Read also | <a href=\"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/en\/policy\/raison-debat-jonas-follonier\/\">Neither reason without debate nor debate without reason<\/a><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The philosophy and French teacher at the Gymnase de Bienne et du Jura bernois lists four types of trap to avoid. First, arguments <em>ad hominem<\/em>, These are not arguments, but criticisms. A recurring example is a politician's criticism of the gap between what he says and what he does. For example, while he advocates cycling in the city, he still travels by car. Antoine Vuille rightly reminds us that \u00abjust because someone behaves in a way that is inconsistent with the ideas they are defending doesn't mean they are wrong\u00bb. And a debate is about ideas, not people. \u00abSomeone who is immoral and depraved can, on the other hand, form very good arguments\u00bb, sums up the philosopher.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un deuxi\u00e8me vice argumentatif revient \u00e0 confondre les arguments avec les explications causales. \u00abSi l\u2019on demande \u00e0 un progressiste pourquoi il y a autant de personnes qui soutiennent le parti conservateur, le progressiste pourrait \u00eatre tent\u00e9 de r\u00e9pondre: \u00ab\u00a0Parce que les gens sont mal inform\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0Parce que le parti conservateur manipule les citoyens (\u2026)\u00a0\u00bb, ou encore, plus abruptement, \u00ab\u00a0Parce que les gens sont racistes\u00a0\u00bb (\u2026).\u00bb D\u2019apr\u00e8s l\u2019essayiste, ce \u00absophisme causaliste\u00bb laisse entendre qu\u2019il n\u2019y aurait aucune justification possible de ces id\u00e9es, aucune argumentation \u00e0 trouver en leur faveur, mais seulement des explications causales de type psychologique, sociologique, etc. Et c\u2019est cette discr\u00e9ditation implicite et <em>a priori<\/em> of a type of idea that poses a problem for the author.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-lire-aussi-frederic-taddei-les-gens-n-aiment-plus-le-debat\">Read also | <a href=\"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/en\/forum\/frederic-taddei-interview-debate\/\">Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Tadde\u00ef: \u00abPeople don't like debate anymore\u00bb<\/a><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Antoine Vuille's third obstacle to genuine debate is bad faith. For a debater, this consists in dismissing an opposing argument out of hand, simply so as not to lose face, even though he or she knows (or at least believes) that the argument is true. The author rightly insists on this point in his book: in a good debate, it's important for all parties to examine each argument put forward by their interlocutors, and to evaluate them as such.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of these arguments may well be true, but it may not carry enough weight. It's possible - and desirable - to recognize that one's discussion partner is on to something, which doesn't necessarily mean that one agrees with him or her on everything. It's the assessment of the number of reasons to support or not support an idea, and the weight of these reasons, that motivates the position on the whole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The fourth pitfall explored by Antoine Vuille has become a regular feature of neuroscience in recent years: confirmation bias. This describes an individual's tendency to take into consideration only those facts that suit his or her argument. Facts that would nuance or even invalidate the argument are then neglected. The author gives the example of the Brexit: several years later, those who opposed the UK's exit from the European Union consider the effects of the Brexit to be negative, while its supporters consider it to be positive...<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-lire-aussi-la-philosophie-a-autre-chose-a-offrir-qu-un-supplement-d-ame\">Read also | <a href=\"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/en\/philosophy\/philosophy-has-more-to-offer-than-a-ladys-supplement\/\">Philosophy has more to offer than a soul supplement<\/a><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With a doctorate in philosophy from the University of Neuch\u00e2tel, Antoine Vuille is convinced that open and careful argumentation, as practiced in his discipline where disagreement is taken seriously, is an example to follow for the debate of ideas in general. His demonstration is persuasive, and his logical analysis of different types of argument very useful. It is regrettable, however, that certain vexing questions are not addressed, such as the conditions for genuine freedom of expression, or the risk of a \u00abtyranny of minorities\u00bb - only that of the majority is tackled. Let the discussion continue!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Graduate in philosophy and journalist by profession, <strong>Jonas Follonier<\/strong> is the editor-in-chief of <\/em>Regard Libre<em>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-vous-venez-de-lire-une-recension-tiree-de-notre-edition-papier-le-regard-libre-nbsp-n-114\">You have just read a review from our print edition (<a href=\"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/en\/cpt-editions\/le-regard-libre-n114-dossier-le-beau-a-t-il-un-visage\/\"><em>Le Regard Libre&nbsp;<\/em>N\u00b0114<\/a>).<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:23% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"673\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/contre-la-culture-du-clash-1-673x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-527307 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/contre-la-culture-du-clash-1-673x1024.jpg 673w, https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/contre-la-culture-du-clash-1-197x300.jpg 197w, https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/contre-la-culture-du-clash-1-99x150.jpg 99w, https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/contre-la-culture-du-clash-1-768x1168.jpg 768w, https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/contre-la-culture-du-clash-1-585x890.jpg 585w, https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/contre-la-culture-du-clash-1-300x456.jpg 300w, https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/contre-la-culture-du-clash-1-600x913.jpg 600w, https:\/\/leregardlibre.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/contre-la-culture-du-clash-1.jpg 986w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 673px) 100vw, 673px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Antoine Vuille<br><em><em><em>Contre la culture du clash. D\u00e9bat d&rsquo;id\u00e9es et d\u00e9mocratie<\/em><\/em><\/em><br>Eliott Editions<br>November 2024<br>168 pages<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.payot.ch\/Detail\/9782493117526\">Order the book<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As debate becomes polarized and personal, Antoine Vuille defends the importance of rigorous argumentation. The philosopher invites us to avoid the vices that weaken the exchange of ideas in a democracy, not without avoiding a few vexing questions.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":138,"featured_media":527363,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1001],"tags":[644342197,4155756,61440,14421,644358446,644340697,644358450],"class_list":["post-527305","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique","tag-antoine-vuille","tag-debat-didees","tag-democratie","tag-essais","tag-lessai-du-mois","tag-polarisation","tag-recensions"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.5 (Yoast SEO v28.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Antoine Vuille contre la culture du clash<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Antoine Vuille invite \u00e0 d\u00e9passer la polarisation et la culture du clash. 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